Description

Macropiper excelsum, commonly known as Kawakawa, is a small aromatic tree or shrub native to New Zealand. Found from the North Island to parts of the South Island, it typically grows up to 5-6 meters tall. Kawakawa is easily recognized by its heart-shaped, bright green leaves, often riddled with insect-made holes, and its distinctive dark brown zigzag branches. The plant flowers from August to November, producing tiny blooms on spikes, followed by fleshy yellow-orange fruit in summer.

Kawakawa thrives in dappled light and moist, well-draining soil. It's remarkably shade-tolerant but sensitive to frost. Culturally significant, it plays a crucial role in traditional Māori medicine. In the ecosystem, Kawakawa's fruit attracts native birds, contributing to forest regeneration. Its unique appearance and adaptability to shady conditions make it popular in landscaping and native plantings. Despite being dioecious and somewhat frost-tender, Kawakawa remains a valuable plant for its medicinal properties, cultural importance, and role in New Zealand's native forests.