Description

Phormium tenax, commonly known as harakeke or New Zealand flax, is a native and iconic plant of New Zealand. This tall, perennial plant typically grows in robust clumps, with broad, sword-shaped leaves that can reach heights of 2 to 3 meters. The plant is known for its stiff, erect leaves that often arch at the upper portions, forming a striking fan-like arrangement. In summer, Phormium tenax produces bright orange-red flowers on tall stalks that can grow up to 4 meters, followed by upright black seed pods. These flowers and seeds attract a variety of native birds and pollinators, such as Tui and Bellbirds.

Harakeke is a versatile and hardy species, thriving in a wide range of environments, from swampy wetlands to dry coastal areas and lowland forests. It is highly tolerant of strong winds, coastal conditions, and frost, making it an excellent choice for erosion control, shelter, and hedging. Additionally, it plays a significant role in revegetation projects, often serving as a pioneer species that establishes quickly and provides protection for other plants.

Phormium tenax is most commonly found in lowland and coastal areas to montane forests, often growing in wetlands and open ground along riversides. Its ability to thrive in diverse environments, combined with its traditional significance and ecological benefits, makes it a cherished and enduring part of New Zealand's natural heritage.